soft tissue fillers

calcium hydroxylapatite in regenerative aesthetics

Authors: Jani van Loghem, MD, PhD

calcium hydroxylapatite in regenerative aesthetics: mechanistic insights and mode of action

Authors: Jani van Loghem, MD, PhD

Keywords: calcium, fibroblasts, carboxymethylcellulose, cues, elastin, esthetics, macrophages, microspheres, proteoglycan, skin, vasculature, calcium ions, calcium hydroxylapatite, tissue regeneration, collagen synthesis, soft-tissue fillers

abstract

The purpose of this article was to provide the aesthetic clinician with practical recommendations regarding complication diagnosis arising as a consequence of hyaluronic acid filler rejuvenation treatment. It also provides recommendations for their management using step-wise treatment algorithms that are based on published expert opinions, as well as the author’s clinical experience. Results: Algorithms are provided for the most common categories of complication associated with hyaluronic acid filler treatment, that is, skin discoloration, edema, nodules, infection, and vascular compromise.
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